Lecture 7: First Wave of 19th-Century Immigration, 1840-1880: European Preconditions

1. Scale and Composition of New Migration,
   
   A. 1783-1820
   B. 1820-1860
   

2. Basic Causes
   1. Demographic Transition
   2. Relative Overpopulation
   3. Decline in Feudal Restrictions
   4. Transformation of Rural Economy
      
      

3. Major Immigrant Groups
   1. Irish
   2. Germans
   3. Norwegians

Lecture 8: First Wave of European l9th-C Migration: Mechanisms of Migration

1. Promotion of New World
   1. Personal Communication
   2. Published Handbooks
   3. State Promotion
   4. Private efforts
      
      

2. Port Cities: 1854 Port Departures
   
   
3. The Passage
   
   
4. Settlement in the U.S.
   
   A. Rural
   a. Distribution of Immigrants, 1860
   b. Settlement Process
   c. Living Conditions
   d. Cultural Supports
   
   B. Urban
   a. Immigrant Concentration in Cities
   b. Urban Economic Structure and Family Economy
   c. Immigrant Neighborhoods
   

    

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